CN100458793C - Mapping conversion method between data access level Xml format data and relational data - Google Patents
Mapping conversion method between data access level Xml format data and relational data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This invention provides a mapping converting method for format data and relation data of a data access layer Xml including two periods of designing time and operation time, in which, at the designing time period, a model is set up based on the data structure of the relation data and mapping and conversion of the object and the relation data to be described as a data object and data model, and the data object means that the relation data sets up a model and abstracts the data structure of the list and view in the database to describe its name and field attribute, at the operation period, the data access an engine to structure SQL sentences dynamically for accessing database according to the element data information defined in designing and input data information to finish function of data access layer of increasing, deleting, correcting and checking automatically.
Description
1, technical field
The present invention designs a kind of Computer Applied Technology, is specifically related to the mapping conversion method between a kind of data access layer Xml formatted data and relation data.
2, background technology
Usually can be divided into three layers on the architectural framework of software: interface presentation layer, Business Logic, data access layer.Usually in the enterprise-level application development environment, OO development approach has become main stream approach.Object only is present in the internal memory, if permanent conservation object data, need carry out the persistence of object, is about to object storage in database.Otherwise, data need be loaded from database, be configured to the object of internal memory.At present, relevant database remains database main flow, most popular, the form right and wrong of its storage data are OO.Therefore, object is carried out access visit with relational database, need shine upon and change, Here it is, and our usually said data access layer is developed.The mapping of hand-coding and service data access layer and transcode are owing to exist difference between compatible data storehouse type (Oracle, Sq1 Server, DB2, Sybase etc.) and the version or the like, this work loaded down with trivial details, consuming time beyond doubt.
In addition, data in the business application system, because reason such as efficient, space, a kind of data often need define a plurality of entity object types, the definition of these object types, conversion, deployment and maintenance are also comparatively loaded down with trivial details, consider the demand of communicating by letter between the heterogeneous system simultaneously, therefore need a kind of universal and uniform data layout and object form that data are encapsulated.
3, summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide mapping and conversion method between a kind of data access layer Xml formatted data and the relation data, two stages when this method mainly comprises when design and operation, wherein:
Stage when design, as shown in Figure 1, carry out modeling at the data structure of relation data and the mapping and the conversion of object and relation data, be described as two kinds of metadata of data object and data model, data object is that relation data carries out modeling, come out the data structure of table in the database and view is abstract, describe its title, field attribute etc.
Wherein table or view are described its display Name, coding, table or view name (Database Identification), author, version, date created etc.
Wherein in the field attribute, main information has: the field display Name, field name (Database Identification), field type, field length, whether must fill out, whether be key word etc.
Field type in field attribute, consider to need compatible polytype database, the data type has been carried out abstract, defined the neutral data type of a cover, and set up mapping relations between certain concrete data of database type, thereby shadow data storehouse difference.On this basis, other has defined some traffic data type of using always in the operation system, such as data types such as numbering, title, remarks, the amount of money, its effect has two: the one, make things convenient for typing, the 2nd, traffic data type is stipulated and unified, avoid because manual the program error that error causes is set.For traffic data type, expanded definition is provided, the user can expand when exploitation is used voluntarily.In addition for typing safeguard convenient, provide and database design instrument PD (Power Designer) document format between translation function.The user can carry out database design in PD, save as the PD document, directly imports to generate data object.
Data model
Business Entity is organic form of the composition of data in the operation system, generally is made of many tables of data, constitutes master slave relation and incidence relation between many tables.Data model is the data constituent relation that is used to describe Business Entity.On the basis of data object, the relation of Business Entity and Business Entity is carried out modeling, describe Business Entity data structure, the service data information of Business Entity, the relation between the Business Entity.
1) the formation structure of data model is: a master meter, and a plurality of from table, constitute master slave relation, can articulate again from showing the master slave relation of nesting from showing down.A model can be defined in the incidence relation of other models.
2) relation of data model and data object.Table in the data model is quoted from data object, the field in the field corresponding data object of showing in the data model, and this corresponding relation can be complete correspondence, also can be the part correspondence.It is the part field in the corresponding data object that can select of the table of data model.After correspondence is come, automatically according to descriptive information of data object, form the descriptor of data model, the coding of the table of data model, title are directly taken from the coding and the title of data object; The field description information of showing in the data model, part is taken from the information of the field description of data object: data type, whether must fill out, major key etc.Especially, the data type that defines on the data model is different from the data type that defines on the data object, the data type that defines on the data model is the data type towards the exploitation programming language, and the data type on the data object then is abstract in the data of database type.Such as, " VARCHAR (n) " this data type of data object definition, corresponding " string " this data type in data model.
3) the Table Properties information of data model: numbering, title, major key field appointment, major key create-rule, whether enable code field, code field appointment, code field create-rule, data staging definition, ordering definition etc.
4) the field attribute information of data model.The display Name of field, numbering, label (referring to name), field data purposes, field type, the definition of field object type, whether as row right assignment, data permission definition, whether must, whether when inserting, use, whether when upgrading, use etc.Part field attribute definition is explained as follows:
Wherein the field data purposes is: tabulation, card, printing, reference and querying condition are multiselects.
Wherein the definition of field object type is used to specify the incidence relation of field or the enumerated value definition of use.The incidence relation definition is used for the incidence relation between the definition of data model.The enumerated value definition is used for simple typing and helps.Such as "Yes", "No" or " man ", " woman " etc.Wherein row authority, data permission define the related definition that is used for permission system.
5) master slave relation of the table of data model definition.Specify master meter and, specify from one or more fields of table related as corresponding one or more fields of external key and master meter from the incidence relation between the table.
6) incidence relation between the data model.Incidence relation between the data model is made of a field in related another data model of a field of data model.A field object type definition is arranged in field attribute, when being chosen as incidence relation, can be defined in the association of another model.In association, specify field related with it in the correlation model, related subsidiary condition, and can specify in the field of inquiring about related relevant correlation model in the model, such as a customer data model, a regional field is wherein arranged, related area data model, specified associations is taken the information such as area code, title of area data model out of in association.
Data object that defines during design and data model are described with a self-defining cover XML tag, and it preserves form originally as the XML document form, manages as metadata (data of data of description) resource.
Stage during operation
Shown in Fig. 2-3, the stage when operation is by data accessing engine, the metadata information of definition during according to design, in conjunction with the data message of input, the SQL statement of dynamic constructs database access visit, accessing database is finished the function that additions and deletions change the data access layer of looking into automatically.Especially, in order to raise the efficiency, the result of dynamic construction process is carried out an amount of buffer memory.
Be compatible data storehouse difference, when data accessing engine constructing SQL and accessing database, relevant information according to metadata, type of database and version according to current accessed, difference at dialect between type of database and the version, the usage policy pattern is adjusted SQL statement dynamically to adapt to different type of database and version.
In addition, for numbering create-rule in the operation system, the integrated grade of authority provides the expansion interface definition, to use different application scenarioss.In exploitation and implementation process, according to the needs of different business scene, can self-defined realization expansion interface and be registered in the data accessing engine, with the function that realizes expanding.Acquiescence, integrated numbering create-rule and the integrated realization of authority commonly used in the data accessing engine.
At object type definition and safeguard loaded down with trivial details, data accessing engine data exchange standard be XML.When returning XML, provide the function of the XML Schema that returns XML.Data accessing engine provides the Xml access object of acquiescence, and the XML access object that also can utilize other system-based class libraries to provide conducts interviews.And for interaction data between heterogeneous system and data standard provide good support.
From external call interface aspect, defined this locality and called and two kinds of clients of We LANG CHAO GENERASOFT Co Ltd service call, be convenient to calling of different application and development patterns.
So just finish mapping and conversion XML-RelationDataMapping between data access layer Xml formatted data and relation data, abbreviated XR-Mapping as.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: mapping between XML formatted data and the relation data and switch technology can effectively encapsulate
Access visit to relational database, shielded underlying database because the exploitation complexity that differences such as the kind of database, version cause, a kind of standard XML data access and transformat are provided, make the developer need not write the function that any code can be realized the access visit of persistence layer, thus very effective development difficulty, the development risk that reduces software systems persistence layer.In addition, this method makes the structural adjustment of business datum become simply, when database structure and business paper structure generation adjustment, adjusts by patterned data object, data model designer, do not need to compile and the physics issue, can finish adjustment work.Effectively reduced that software systems are implemented and maintenance process in cost and risk and exploitation, the implementation cost of software vendor.Make the individual demand that software systems can the fast adaptation user, satisfy the constantly long-term objective of development and perfect information system of user.
Description of drawings
The data modeling synoptic diagram in stage when Fig. 1 is design;
Mapping during Fig. 2 between the data and conversion synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the design drawing of data accessing engine high level.
4, embodiment:
Two stages when embodiment also is divided into when design (data modeling) and moves (data access, conversion).When design,, the static structure of business datum is carried out hierarchical description (data object data of description library structure, data model is described operational data structure) by data modeling; When operation, describe during according to design, dynamically resolve, finish mapping and conversion between XML data and the database relation data.
4.1 during design
As shown in Figure 1, when design:
(1) data structure that takes out according to business demand, set up data object (description of list structure in the database), the database name of description list, the affiliated row of table and the relevant field information of row (field name, type, length, precision, whether unique, whether can be null value etc.).
(2) business paper that takes out according to business demand is set up data model, describes the formation (a general business paper is to be made of from table a master meter and many) of business paper.Concrete:
Select the main object of a business paper master meter corresponding data objects as data model.
■ field base attribute is as field name, field label, field description, field type etc.
If field is an external key, then the type of specific field is " association ", and specifies " data model " of its association, and definition is closed
The relevant information of ■ connection.
■ can be field and specifies codomain to enumerate.
■ is that field is specified its purposes (card, tabulation, printing etc.).
4.2 during operation
As shown in Figure 2, receive outside increasing, delete, change, make a thorough investigation of and ask by " data accessing engine " during operation, finish the mapping and the conversion of corresponding XML data and relation data.Can be divided into two classes to " data accessing engine " request, a class is that data are obtained, and promptly obtains relation data from relational database, and the result is converted to the XML data; The XML data are promptly imported in another kind of data input, are converted into relation data, will import synchronously (insert, upgrade) to database.
(1) data are obtained, " data model " sign according to input, the condition of inquiry, by " data accessing engine " description according to corresponding " data model ", " data object ", dynamically form the SQL of query relation database, obtain the data result collection,, be configured to the XML data and return then according to corresponding " data model " structure.
(2) data input, " data model " sign and XML according to input, dynamically be configured to the relation data result set by " data accessing engine ", and according to the description of corresponding " data model ", " data object ", dynamically form insertion, renewal, the deletion SQL of relational database, carry out SQL, finish request.When many of execution influenced the SQL of database positioning, " data accessing engine " can automatic log-on data storehouse affairs.
Like this, the parsing when modeling during by operation and operation is carried out, and has finished mapping and conversion between XML data and the relation data database data.
5, embodiment:
The present invention has successfully applied to tide GSP application development platform, and its framework as shown in Figure 3.The system designer describes the model of business datum by patterned data object, data model designer, and " data model " is applied to each module that platform need be done the relational database persistence.What these modules were used is the XML data, by to the calling of data access engine, finishes the accessing operation of XML data to relational database.
Mapping between XML formatted data and the relation data and switch technology, effectively encapsulated access visit to relational database, shielded underlying database because the exploitation complexity that differences such as the kind of database, version cause, a kind of standard XML data access and transformat are provided, make the developer need not write the function that any code can be realized the access visit of persistence layer, thus very effective development difficulty, the development risk that reduces software systems persistence layer.In addition, this method makes the structural adjustment of business datum become simply, when database structure and business paper structure generation adjustment, adjusts by patterned data object, data model designer, do not need to compile and the physics issue, can finish adjustment work.Effectively reduced that software systems are implemented and maintenance process in cost and risk and exploitation, the implementation cost of software vendor.Make the individual demand that software systems can the fast adaptation user, satisfy the constantly long-term objective of development and perfect information system of user.
Claims (1)
1. the mapping conversion method between data access layer xml formatted data and relation data, two stages when it is characterized in that setting up separately timing and operation, wherein:
Stage when design, carry out modeling at the data structure of relation data and the mapping and the conversion of object and relation data, be described as two kinds of metadata of data object and data model; Wherein:
Data model: be to be used for relation data is carried out modeling, come out the data structure of table in the database and view is abstract, describe its title, field attribute, wherein table or view are described its display Name, coding, table or view name or Database Identification, author, version, date created; Wherein in the field attribute, main information has: the field display Name, field name, Database Identification, field type, field length, whether must fill out, whether be key word; Field type in field attribute consider to need compatible polytype database, the data type has been carried out abstract, and data type that definition one cover is neutral and concrete asking of certain data of database type are set up mapping relations, thus shadow data storehouse difference;
Data model: be the data constituent relation that is used to describe Business Entity, Business Entity is organic form of the composition of data in the operation system, generally constitute by many tables of data, constitute master slave relation and incidence relation between many tables, on the basis of data object, be used for the relation of Business Entity and Business Entity is carried out data structure, the service data information of Business Entity and the relation of asking of Business Entity of modeling and description Business Entity; Wherein:
1) the formation structure of data model is: a master meter, and a plurality of from table, constitute master slave relation, from showing down to articulate again from table, the master slave relation of nesting, the incidence relation of a model definition and other models;
2) relation of data model and data object is: the table in the data model, quote from data object, field in the field corresponding data object of showing in the data model, this corresponding relation is corresponding fully or the part correspondence, i.e. part field in the corresponding data object of the table of data model selection; After correspondence is come, automatically according to descriptive information of data object, form the descriptor of data model, the coding of the table of data model, title are directly taken from the coding and the title of data object; The field description information of showing in the data model, part is taken from the information of the field description of data object: whether data type must fill out, major key, the data type that defines on the data model is different from the data type that defines on the data object, the data type that defines on the data model is the data type towards the exploitation programming language, and the data type on the data object then is abstract in the data of database type; Such as, " this data type of VARCHAR (n), corresponding " string " this data type in data model of data object definition;
3) the Table Properties information of data model is: numbering, title, major key field appointment, major key create-rule, whether enable code field, code field appointment, code field create-rule, data staging definition, ordering definition:
4) the field attribute information of data model is: the display Name of field, numbering, label or refer to name, field data purposes, field type, the definition of field object type, whether as row right assignment, data permission definition, whether must, whether when inserting, use, whether when upgrading, use; Part field attribute definition is explained as follows:
Wherein the field data purposes is: tabulation, card, printing, reference and querying condition;
Wherein the definition of field object type is used to specify the incidence relation of field or the enumerated value definition of use: the incidence relation definition is used for the incidence relation between the definition of data model, the enumerated value definition is used for simple typing and helps, and wherein row authority, data permission define the related definition that is used for permission system;
5) master slave relation of the table of data model definition: specify master meter and, specify from one or more fields of showing related as corresponding one or more fields of external key and master meter from the incidence relation of asking of table;
6) incidence relation between the data model: the incidence relation between the data model is made of a field in related another data model of a field of data model, a field object type definition is arranged in field attribute, when being chosen as incidence relation, the model that defines this field place is related with another model, in association, specify field related with it in the correlation model, related subsidiary condition, and specify in the model field of the related relevant correlation model of inquiry, a customer data model, a regional field is wherein arranged, related area data model, specified associations is taken the area code of area data model out of in association, the information of title;
Data object that defines during design and data model are described with a self-defining cover XML tag, and it preserves the XML document form of form own, manages as the data resource of metadata or data of description;
Stage when operation, by data accessing engine, the metadata information of definition during according to design, data message in conjunction with input, the SQL statement of dynamic constructs database access visit, accessing database is finished the function that additions and deletions change the data access layer of looking into automatically, in order to raise the efficiency, the result of dynamic construction process is carried out an amount of buffer memory;
Difference because of the compatible data storehouse, when data accessing engine constructing SQL and accessing database according to the relevant information of data, type of database and version according to current accessed, difference at dialect between type of database and the version, the usage policy pattern is adjusted the XQL statement dynamically to adapt to different type of database and version;
For number create-rule in the operation system, authority is integrated, provides expansion interface definition, to use different application scenarioss; In the sharp implementation process of exploitation, according to the needs of different business scene, self-defined realization expansion interface also is registered in the data accessing engine, to realize the function of expansion; Integrated numbering create-rule and the integrated realization of authority commonly used in the data accessing engine of acquiescence;
At object type definition and safeguard loaded down with trivial details, data accessing engine data exchange standard be XML, when returning XML, the function of the XML Schema that returns XML is provided, data accessing engine provides the Xml access object of acquiescence, or the XML visit that the system-based class libraries that utilizes other provides conducts interviews to edge, and provides support for interaction data between heterogeneous system and data standard; From external call interface aspect, having defined this locality calls and two kinds of clients of we LANG CHAO GENERASOFT Co Ltd service call, be convenient to calling of different application and development patterns, so just finish mapping and conversion XML-RelationData Mapping between data access layer Xml formatted data and relation data, abbreviated XR-Mapping as.
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