US2475082A - Centrifugal pump - Google Patents

Description

y 1949- M. DAVILAI v 2,475,082

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP Filed Dec. 4, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Hi ,1; Mil i w 4% IN V EN TOR. MANUEL DAV/LA A TTORNEYS.

July 5, 1949. M. DAVILA CENTRIFUGAL PUMP 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 4, 1945 July 5, 1949. M. DAVILA.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Dec. 4, 1945 INVENTOR. MANUEL DAVILA ATTORNEYS.

Patented July 5, 1949 2,475,082 CENTRIFUGAL PUMP Manuel Davila, New Orleans, La. Application December 4, 1945, Serial No. 632,696

7 Claims.

The invention relates to rotary pumps and has as an object the provision of a conoidal centrifugally acting pump that shall be comparatively small in size for its pumping capacity, shall have great eificiency, and may be manufactured at a moderate cost.

It is a further object to provide a pump of the character referred to with such a base that enables the discharge pipe to be adjusted to any position tangent to the volute periphery and also affords easy removal of the pump from its base without disturbing the base. The impeller of this pump has an inner cone and an outer frustrum of a cone properly spaced apart with spiral helically curved vanes between them.

Further objects of the invention will appear from the following description when read in connection with the accompanying drawings showing an illustrative embodiment of the invention and wherein:

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through a pump of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation;

Fig. 3 is an end view seen from the left of Figures 1 and 2;

Fig. 4 is a detail section on line 44 of Figure 1;

Fig. 5 is a detail end view of the impeller of the pump partly broken away;

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the structure of Figure 5;

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 showing a slightly modified form of the vanes;

Fig. 8 is a transverse section on line 8-8 of Fig.

Fig. 9 is an end view of the structure of Fig. 7 as seen from the right; and

Fig. 10 is a detail side elevation partly in section showing a slightly different form of volute.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the device comprises a base I5 having standards l6 and I1 shown as joined by a reinforced web i8. The standards I6 and H are formed with rings l9 and 20 in which the pump is shown supported.

The drive of the pump is from a shaft 2| mounted .in bearings 22 and 23' in a shell 24, the bearings being retained in position in the shell by rings 25 and 26, and shoulders built into the shell 24.

The longitudinal location of the shaft in the bearing is maintained by means of collars 2! and 28 secured thereon by set screws 29 and 30 and shoulders on the shaft 2 I. The collar 28 is shown formed with a baffle joint comprising a flange 3| entering a groove in the housing 24 which repels foreign matter by centrifugal force when the pump is in motion. The pump casing is shown as comprising a volute 32 supported by arcuate portions 33 and 34 cast integral with the pump casing and formed with a ring35 joined by screw threads 36 to the shell 24. It is obvious that instead of the screw threads 36, cap screws or studs with nuts may be used passing through the flange 3'! into the portion 35 of the pump casing.

To permit circumferential adjustment of the direction of delivery outlet 38, the ring 35 and the shell 24 are formed with circumferential grooves 39 and 40 into which set screws 4| and 42 may project and thereby when loosened will permit said circumferential adjustment.

The volute 32 is shown as of minimum capacity adjacent to the point 43 as shown in Fig.3 and increases in diameter around the casing in the direction of the revolution of the impeller to the outlet 38. The volute just ahead of point 43 comes in close contact with the impeller so as to prevent the liquid being pumped from following the impeller for more than one revolution around the volute and also aid in increasing the pressure capacity of the pump.

The interior of the volute is formed with a frusto conical portion 44 and the impeller 45 is formed with a complemental surface as indicated at 46. The impeller is also formed with vanes 41 cast integral with the conical portion 46 and with an outer frusto conical closure 48 terminat ing at the intake portion 49. ,The vanes 41 terminate at lines joining the tip 50 of the conical portion 46 and the interior of the neck 49 of the impeller member 48, the vanes as shown in Figs. 5 and 6 being spirally and helically curved. In the form shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the vanes 41 are not only curved in their length butare concave to provide a somewhat smoother flow of the liquid. Between the neck 49 of the impeller and the interior of the inlet 5 I, there is shown a ring 52 which may be of bearing metal, rubber or other material that will seal the gap between the neck 49 and the inlet 5|. The impeller is shown mounted on the shaft 2| by screw threaded engagement at 53, and locked in position by means of a lock washer at the'end of the shaft. The intake casting 5| is shown secured to the volute by studs and nuts 54 and may be secured by means of cap screws. Plugs 55 and 56 are shown located in the thickened portion of the outside periphery of the volute housing for the purpose of either priming or draining the pump. Similar plugs may be added at any point in the thickened portion of the volute provided for this purpose.

The passage 59 in the volute case allows the liquid being pumped to be forced back to the packing material 58 and act as a lubricant and also help seal the packing joint against air leaks. Any leak in the packing will allow the liquid to pass from the volute casing thereby eliminating the possibility of air entering the pump. The lantern ring 68, which has packing on either side allows the liquid which flows through the passage 59 to reach the shaft and the packing material all around so as to find even the smallest air leak past the packing.

The pump may be very readily disassembled by removal of the nuts 54, unscrewing the thread 63 and then unscrewing the ring 35 from the casing 24. Because the path of the liquid acted on by the pump is not compelled to any right angle change of motion and because the liquid passes through the impeller and does not come in contact with any stationary surface the pump is caused to be very efllcient in operation.

The sealing means shown at 58 may be renewed by removal of the split retainer 80 shown in Fig. 4 to which access may be had through the spaces between the members 33 and 34.

The two halves of the split retainer are held in alignment by dowel pins 89 and the unit is urged to a position to compress the packing material by screwing down of nuts 8| on screw studs 62 pressing home clamp bars 63 formed with inclined surfaces 64, thus compressing the bars 65 and 66 toward the axis of the shaft of the impeller.

The interior of the shell 24, is adapted to hold a supply of lubricant sufiicient for operation during extended periods which lubricant may be supplied through the opening closed by plug 57. The cap 61 is shown screw threaded upon shell 24 and is equipped with an oil seal between itself and the shaft 2i so as to retain the lubricant and prevent entry of foreign matter.

4 a volute shell carried by said struts and formed with a tangential outlet; and an impeller mounted on said shaftin said volute.

3. The combination of claim 2 with means to preserve the circumferential adjustment of said shell in said mounting rings.

4. The combination of claim 2 with means to prevent axial movement of said shaft in said shell.

5. A conoidal centrifugal pump comprising in combination: a volute casing forming a conoid impeller chamber with an intake opening thereinto axially thereof and with a delivery port in its periphery, the interior wall of said chamber opposite the intake formed as the frustum of a cone with its apex directed toward the intake; the inner surface of the opposite wall of the chamber being substantially complemental to said frusto conical surface; an impeller revolubly mounted in said casing formed as an inner cone and an outer frustum of a cone with curved blades spiraled in a direction counter to their revolution and transversely concave at the conlution of said impeller.

6. A conical centrifugal pump comprising, in combination: a substantially cylindrical casing;

' an impeller coaxial with said casing and revolubly The overall diameter of the volute which is the largest radial dimension of the pump may be lessened without sacrifice of capacity by fiattening the passage thereof radially, as clearly shown in Fig. 10.

The number of blades at present preferred is four as shown in the drawings. It is obvious, however, that one or more blades may be utilized to provide an operable device. Therefore, where the term blades is used in the following claims, the term is to be construed as the equivalent of one or more blades."

Minor changes may be made in the physical embodiments of the invention within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. A centrifugal pump comprising, in combination: a volute casing forming a conoid impeller chamber with an intake opening thereinto axially thereof, and with a delivery port in its periphery, the interior surface of said chamber opposite the intake formed as a frustum of a cone with its apex directed toward the intake; the inner surface of the opposite wall of said chamber being substantially complemental to said frusto conical surface; an impeller revolubly mounted in said casing comprising blades substantially spanning the space between said surfaces; said blades spiraled in a direction counter to the direction of their revolution and transversely curved so as to be concave on their high pressure sides.

2. A centrifugal pump, comprising, in combination: a base; spaced standards rising from said base; mounting rings carried by said standards; a housing shell mounted in said rings; a shaft journaled in bearings in said shell; means to seal said shell against escape of lubricant; struts carried by and projecting from said shell;

mounted therein; said casing formed with an intake connection centered on the axis thereof and an outlet connection centered substantially tangential thereto; means to mount said casing for circumferential adjustment about its axis, whereby to align said outlet connection with any tangent to the casing; means to retain said casing in adjusted position; and a drive shaft for said impeller mounted axially of the casing.

'7. A centrifugal pump comprising, in combination: a volute casing forming a conoid impeller chamber with an intake opening thereinto axially thereof, and with a delivery port in its periphery, the interior surface of said chamber opposite the intake formed as a frustum of a cone with its apex directed toward the intake; the inner surface of the opposite wall of said chamber being substantially complemental to said frusto conical surface; an impeller revolubly mounted in said casing forming an inner cone and an outer frustum of cone with curved vanes spanning the space between said inner cone and outer frustum of cone, said vanes spiraled in a direction counter to the direction of their revolution and curved transversely so as to be concave on their high pressure side.

MANUEL DAVILA.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the flle of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 656,023 Keeney Aug. 14, 1900 933,681 Valk Sept. 7, 1909 973,850 Boucher Oct. 25, 1910 1.707.613 Hollander Apr. 2, 1929 1,993,999 LaBour Mar. 12, 1935 2,323,637 Williams July 6, 1943

Images