US2838453A - Cathodic protection means - Google Patents
Cathodic protection means Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2838453A US2838453A US547248A US54724855A US2838453A US 2838453 A US2838453 A US 2838453A US 547248 A US547248 A US 547248A US 54724855 A US54724855 A US 54724855A US 2838453 A US2838453 A US 2838453A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tank
- anodes
- ropes
- cathodic protection
- rods
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B59/00—Hull protection specially adapted for vessels; Cleaning devices specially adapted for vessels
- B63B59/04—Preventing hull fouling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
- C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
- C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
- C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
- C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
- C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
- C23F13/18—Means for supporting electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
- C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
- C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
- C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
- C23F13/20—Conducting electric current to electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46152—Electrodes characterised by the shape or form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/22—Eliminating or preventing deposits, scale removal, scale prevention
Definitions
- This invention relates to the protection of metal tanks in cargo ships against corrosion by the provision in electrical communication therewith of consumable anodes made of a metal or alloy anodic to the metal of the tank, or of anodes used with applied electric current.
- the object of the present invention is to enable the anodes to be repeatedly removed, replaced or taken out of contact with the electrolyte or the contents of the tank being protected. It also envisages an easy arrangement for the replacement of consumed anodes.
- the anodes are readily removable and replaceable and for this purpose they are carried on a supporting device which together with the anodes can be rolled or folded for storage.
- a structure adapted to the use of galvanic anodes with an operating position parallel to the tank sides, it may consist of two or more vertical ropes across which at right angles and at predetermined intervals are a number of metallic rods, the latter being suitably secured to the vertical ropes.
- Such rods may either be the cores on which magnesium alloy or other anodes were cast or, alternatively, suitably designed rods to which anodes could be attached. At the ends of these rods provision may be made to attach flexible electrical conductors which, in turn, may also be electrically connected to the tank structure.
- the vertical ropes may be manufactured from hemp, cotton, manila, synthetic materials such as nylon or the like, or flexible metal ropes may be used.
- rigid bars of metal or other material maybe used and such bar can be continuous or arranged to fold.
- Figure 1 is an elevational View of an arrangement made in accordance with the invention.
- Figure 3 is a side view thereof when rolled
- Figure 4 is a side View thereof when folded
- Patented June 10, 1958 ICC Figure 8 is an elevational view of a further modification.
- FIG. 1 to 6 The construction shown in Figures 1 to 6 comprises a pair of elements 10, 11 in the form of hemp ropes which are parallel to each other and have iron rods 12 connected to them at regular intervals.
- Each of the rods 12 is connected at opposite'ends to the elements 10, 11 respectively by means of a connector 15.
- Cast on each of the rods is a cylindrical block 16 of magnesium base alloy constituting an anode.
- the ropes 10, 11 and rods 12 form a supporting device for the anodes.
- Adjacent rods 12 are connected together by an electrical connector device 17 ( Figure 5) and flexible metal conductor 18 and the uppermost rod 12 is connected by a similar device 17 and conductor 18 to the tank, e. g. to a bar 21.
- the upper ends of the ropes 10, 11 are suspended by V loops 19, 20 to a bar 21 which may be specially provided for this purpose or may be part of the tank structure.
- each rope is attached to a beam 22 by means including right and left hand threaded nuts 23, 24 and a screwed bar 25 whereby the rope can be tensioned.
- Figure 6 shows a construction in which the ropes are divided into short lengths each end of which is turned back on itself to form an eye 30 surrounding a metal eyepiece 31 that surrounds the bar 12.
- the two adjacent eyes are located axially between flanges 32, 33 on the rod 12.
- the ends of the rope lengths are clamped in their eye forming positions by clamps 34.
- the ropes may be replaced by chains composed of links 26, provided at its ends with eyebolts 27 which surround the rods 12 to form a pivotal connection.
- Figure 8 shows a modification in which more than three ropes 30 are provided, together with bars 12 whereby the supporting structure for the anodes is in the form of a mesh composed of bars at right angles to a series of ropes or like supporting elements which are parallel to each other.
- the afore-described structure permits this in different ways. Having detached the structure from the bottom of the tank, by a suitable arrangement of ropes or the like the structure can be gathered to the top of the tank in a similar manner to the action of a Venetian blind, or it can be rolled up. Thus as shown in Figure 3 it is rolled and in Figure 4 it is folded in layers.
- Figure 7 is a side view of a modified construction.
- Means for the cathodic protection of ship tanks comprising a plurality of horizontally extending anode A further 3 blocks hung from the top of the tank like rungs of a ladder in vertically spaced position parallel to each other between two flexible electrically non-conducting ropes, and flexible metal conductors electrically connecting said anodes with each other and with the tank.
- Means for the cathodic protection of ship tanks comprising a plurality of horizontally extending anode blocks hung from the top of the tank like rungs of a ladder in vertically spaced position parallel to each other between two flexible metallic ropes, said metallic ropes forming electrical conductors mechanically and electrically connecting said anodes with each other and with the tank.
Description
June 10, 1958 J. H. P. RANDALL 2,833,453
CATHODIC PROTECTION MEANS Filed Nov. 16, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.1.
June 10, 1958 1 J. H. P. RANDALL 2,333,453
CATHODIC PROTECTION MEANS Filed Nov. 16, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 the hatchway entrances.
United States Patent CATHODIC PROTECTION MEANS Jack H. P. Randall, London, England, assignor to F. A. Hughes & Co. Limited, London, England Application November 16, 1955, Serial No. 547,248
Claims priority, application Great Britain November 18, 1954 2 Claims. (Cl. 204-197) This invention relates to the protection of metal tanks in cargo ships against corrosion by the provision in electrical communication therewith of consumable anodes made of a metal or alloy anodic to the metal of the tank, or of anodes used with applied electric current.
The object of the present invention is to enable the anodes to be repeatedly removed, replaced or taken out of contact with the electrolyte or the contents of the tank being protected. It also envisages an easy arrangement for the replacement of consumed anodes.
The semi-permanent attachment of anodes to the tank surfaces is an expensive and time consuming matter and, in addition, considerable practical difliculty is occasioned in mounting and de-rnounting the anodes since weighty components have to be handled and access facilities, such as ladders and scaffolding, may be necessary. Since in some big tanks access to them is only available through a long tunnel-like hatchway extending to the upper deck of the vessel concerned, the use of normal crane facilities is hardly a practical possibility where anode assemblies have to be attached to the tank walls remote from Moreover, where anodes are attached to tank walls or to their strengthening structure, owing to their close proximity to the steel some method of insulating behind the anodes is essential in the interests of protective current spread.
According to the present invention the anodes are readily removable and replaceable and for this purpose they are carried on a supporting device which together with the anodes can be rolled or folded for storage. Visualizing such a structure adapted to the use of galvanic anodes with an operating position parallel to the tank sides, it may consist of two or more vertical ropes across which at right angles and at predetermined intervals are a number of metallic rods, the latter being suitably secured to the vertical ropes. Such rods may either be the cores on which magnesium alloy or other anodes were cast or, alternatively, suitably designed rods to which anodes could be attached. At the ends of these rods provision may be made to attach flexible electrical conductors which, in turn, may also be electrically connected to the tank structure. The vertical ropes may be manufactured from hemp, cotton, manila, synthetic materials such as nylon or the like, or flexible metal ropes may be used.
Instead of ropes rigid bars of metal or other material maybe used and such bar can be continuous or arranged to fold.
The invention will now be further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings wherein:
Figure 1 is an elevational View of an arrangement made in accordance with the invention;
Figure Zis a side view thereof;
Figure 3 is a side view thereof when rolled;
Figure 4 is a side View thereof when folded;
Patented June 10, 1958 ICC Figure 8 is an elevational view of a further modification. i
The construction shown in Figures 1 to 6 comprises a pair of elements 10, 11 in the form of hemp ropes which are parallel to each other and have iron rods 12 connected to them at regular intervals. Each of the rods 12 is connected at opposite'ends to the elements 10, 11 respectively by means of a connector 15. Cast on each of the rods is a cylindrical block 16 of magnesium base alloy constituting an anode. The ropes 10, 11 and rods 12 form a supporting device for the anodes. Adjacent rods 12 are connected together by an electrical connector device 17 (Figure 5) and flexible metal conductor 18 and the uppermost rod 12 is connected by a similar device 17 and conductor 18 to the tank, e. g. to a bar 21.
The upper ends of the ropes 10, 11 are suspended by V loops 19, 20 to a bar 21 which may be specially provided for this purpose or may be part of the tank structure.
The lower end of each rope is attached to a beam 22 by means including right and left hand threaded nuts 23, 24 and a screwed bar 25 whereby the rope can be tensioned.
Figure 6 shows a construction in which the ropes are divided into short lengths each end of which is turned back on itself to form an eye 30 surrounding a metal eyepiece 31 that surrounds the bar 12. The two adjacent eyes are located axially between flanges 32, 33 on the rod 12. The ends of the rope lengths are clamped in their eye forming positions by clamps 34.
As shown in Figure 7 the ropes may be replaced by chains composed of links 26, provided at its ends with eyebolts 27 which surround the rods 12 to form a pivotal connection.
Figure 8 shows a modification in which more than three ropes 30 are provided, together with bars 12 whereby the supporting structure for the anodes is in the form of a mesh composed of bars at right angles to a series of ropes or like supporting elements which are parallel to each other.
When it is desired to remove such an anode assembly from the tank or to take it out of contact with the con tents, the afore-described structure permits this in different ways. Having detached the structure from the bottom of the tank, by a suitable arrangement of ropes or the like the structure can be gathered to the top of the tank in a similar manner to the action of a Venetian blind, or it can be rolled up. Thus as shown in Figure 3 it is rolled and in Figure 4 it is folded in layers. 7 method is to provide means to swing the bottom of the structure to a position at the top of the tank remote from its attachment so that the structure lies parallel to the roof or, as another alternative, the structure can be detached from the tank top and lowered to the bottom, permitting it to be rolled on the floor of the tank and taken out of the tank in this form via the hatchway. Such structures could be used vertically, as described, horizontally or at any intermediate angle.
Provision may be made through the top of the tank, such as specially designed access holes, to allow the various operations necessary for removal and re-fitment to be carried out by suitable means from the outside of the tank. Some similar arrangement may also be provided in the case where the structure is swung to the top of the tank.
Any desired number of such structures could be used in any one tank. The invention is applicable to tanker A cargo spaces and to any other container which would Figures 5 and 6 are views of details to be described;
Figure 7 is a side view of a modified construction; and
permit the use of such a structure.
I claim:
1. Means for the cathodic protection of ship tanks comprising a plurality of horizontally extending anode A further 3 blocks hung from the top of the tank like rungs of a ladder in vertically spaced position parallel to each other between two flexible electrically non-conducting ropes, and flexible metal conductors electrically connecting said anodes with each other and with the tank.
2. Means for the cathodic protection of ship tanks comprising a plurality of horizontally extending anode blocks hung from the top of the tank like rungs of a ladder in vertically spaced position parallel to each other between two flexible metallic ropes, said metallic ropes forming electrical conductors mechanically and electrically connecting said anodes with each other and with the tank.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Kinnear Feb. 23, 1904 Mills Oct. 21, 1924 Tarr et al June 29, 1948 Kaufman May 16, 1950 Robinson et a1. Oct. 9, 1951 Harris et a1 Nov. 25, 1952 Waite et al. Apr. 24, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS France 1904 France Jan. 30, 1952
Claims (1)
1. MEANS FOR THE CATHODIC PROTECTION OF SHIP TANKS COMPRISING A PLURALITY OF HORIZONTALLY EXTENDING ANODEBLOCKS HUNG FROM THE TOP OF THE TANK LIKE RUNGS OF A LADDER IN VERTICALLY SPACED POSITION PARALLEL TO EACH OTHER BETWEEN TWO FLEXIBLE ELECTRICALLY NON-CONDUCTING ROPES, AND FLEXIBLE METAL CONDUCTORS ELECTRICALLY CONNECTING SAID ANODES WITH EACH OTHER AND WITH THE TANK.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB33433/54A GB765085A (en) | 1954-11-18 | 1954-11-18 | Improvements in or relating to cathodic protections of metal structures |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2838453A true US2838453A (en) | 1958-06-10 |
Family
ID=10352894
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US547248A Expired - Lifetime US2838453A (en) | 1954-11-18 | 1955-11-16 | Cathodic protection means |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2838453A (en) |
BE (1) | BE542785A (en) |
FR (1) | FR1139876A (en) |
GB (1) | GB765085A (en) |
NL (1) | NL97249C (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3037926A (en) * | 1959-11-23 | 1962-06-05 | American Zinc Lead & Smelting | Galvanic protection system |
US3071531A (en) * | 1959-02-09 | 1963-01-01 | Jr Harry W Hosford | Cathodic protection system for submerged installations |
US3146182A (en) * | 1959-08-25 | 1964-08-25 | Rolland C Sabins | Electrolytic system |
US3373540A (en) * | 1965-07-13 | 1968-03-19 | Corning Glass Works | Method of bundling |
US4089767A (en) * | 1976-07-22 | 1978-05-16 | Sabins Industries, Inc. | Anode system for the cathodic protection of off shore structures |
US4614574A (en) * | 1985-12-06 | 1986-09-30 | The Dow Chemical Company | Impressed current anode bed |
US5512149A (en) * | 1994-09-01 | 1996-04-30 | Mackenna Iv; Gilbert J. | Sacrificial anode device with optimized anode/cathode interface surface contact area |
US6056867A (en) * | 1996-01-30 | 2000-05-02 | Huron Tech Canada, Inc. | Ladder anode for cathodic protection |
US20060035540A1 (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2006-02-16 | Magnesium Elektron Limited | Composite sacrificial anodes |
US20160237575A1 (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2016-08-18 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | System, apparatus, and method of providing cathodic protection to buried and/or submerged metallic structures |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US752844A (en) * | 1904-02-23 | Wiluam raymond kinnear | ||
FR347333A (en) * | 1904-10-22 | 1905-03-04 | Meunier Soc | Steam boiler descaling system |
US1512557A (en) * | 1924-10-21 | mills | ||
US2444174A (en) * | 1943-08-24 | 1948-06-29 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Galvanic coating process |
US2508171A (en) * | 1948-08-19 | 1950-05-16 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Electrode construction |
US2571062A (en) * | 1949-06-15 | 1951-10-09 | Dow Chemical Co | Sacrificial anode system for protecting metals in sea water |
FR1006629A (en) * | 1949-01-28 | 1952-04-25 | Cipag S A | Further development of an electrode for devices intended for water treatment |
US2619455A (en) * | 1950-09-02 | 1952-11-25 | Aluminum Co Of America | Galvanic anode |
US2743227A (en) * | 1952-08-05 | 1956-04-24 | Hughes & Co | Protection of metallic structures |
-
0
- NL NL97249D patent/NL97249C/xx active
- BE BE542785D patent/BE542785A/xx unknown
-
1954
- 1954-11-18 GB GB33433/54A patent/GB765085A/en not_active Expired
-
1955
- 1955-11-15 FR FR1139876D patent/FR1139876A/en not_active Expired
- 1955-11-16 US US547248A patent/US2838453A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US752844A (en) * | 1904-02-23 | Wiluam raymond kinnear | ||
US1512557A (en) * | 1924-10-21 | mills | ||
FR347333A (en) * | 1904-10-22 | 1905-03-04 | Meunier Soc | Steam boiler descaling system |
US2444174A (en) * | 1943-08-24 | 1948-06-29 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Galvanic coating process |
US2508171A (en) * | 1948-08-19 | 1950-05-16 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Electrode construction |
FR1006629A (en) * | 1949-01-28 | 1952-04-25 | Cipag S A | Further development of an electrode for devices intended for water treatment |
US2571062A (en) * | 1949-06-15 | 1951-10-09 | Dow Chemical Co | Sacrificial anode system for protecting metals in sea water |
US2619455A (en) * | 1950-09-02 | 1952-11-25 | Aluminum Co Of America | Galvanic anode |
US2743227A (en) * | 1952-08-05 | 1956-04-24 | Hughes & Co | Protection of metallic structures |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3071531A (en) * | 1959-02-09 | 1963-01-01 | Jr Harry W Hosford | Cathodic protection system for submerged installations |
US3146182A (en) * | 1959-08-25 | 1964-08-25 | Rolland C Sabins | Electrolytic system |
US3037926A (en) * | 1959-11-23 | 1962-06-05 | American Zinc Lead & Smelting | Galvanic protection system |
US3373540A (en) * | 1965-07-13 | 1968-03-19 | Corning Glass Works | Method of bundling |
US4089767A (en) * | 1976-07-22 | 1978-05-16 | Sabins Industries, Inc. | Anode system for the cathodic protection of off shore structures |
US4614574A (en) * | 1985-12-06 | 1986-09-30 | The Dow Chemical Company | Impressed current anode bed |
US5512149A (en) * | 1994-09-01 | 1996-04-30 | Mackenna Iv; Gilbert J. | Sacrificial anode device with optimized anode/cathode interface surface contact area |
US6056867A (en) * | 1996-01-30 | 2000-05-02 | Huron Tech Canada, Inc. | Ladder anode for cathodic protection |
US20060035540A1 (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2006-02-16 | Magnesium Elektron Limited | Composite sacrificial anodes |
US7374643B2 (en) | 2002-11-15 | 2008-05-20 | Magnesium Elektron Limited | Composite sacrificial anodes |
US20160237575A1 (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2016-08-18 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | System, apparatus, and method of providing cathodic protection to buried and/or submerged metallic structures |
US9797049B2 (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2017-10-24 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | System, apparatus, and method of providing cathodic protection to buried and/or submerged metallic structures |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL97249C (en) | |
GB765085A (en) | 1957-01-02 |
BE542785A (en) | |
FR1139876A (en) | 1957-07-08 |
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