US7672959B2 - Update detecting apparatus - Google Patents
Update detecting apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- US7672959B2 US7672959B2 US11/329,879 US32987906A US7672959B2 US 7672959 B2 US7672959 B2 US 7672959B2 US 32987906 A US32987906 A US 32987906A US 7672959 B2 US7672959 B2 US 7672959B2
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- update
- target file
- text data
- file
- detecting apparatus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/10—File systems; File servers
- G06F16/17—Details of further file system functions
- G06F16/178—Techniques for file synchronisation in file systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/30—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of unstructured textual data
- G06F16/36—Creation of semantic tools, e.g. ontology or thesauri
- G06F16/367—Ontology
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
- G06F40/10—Text processing
- G06F40/194—Calculation of difference between files
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an update detecting apparatus for detecting an update in a file including text data.
- an update detecting apparatus for detecting an update in a file including text data.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-197100 discloses an update detecting apparatus for detecting an update in page information by determining whether or not page information of a Web page obtained by an automatic collecting robot coincides with information stored in a full text database.
- the conventional update detecting apparatus has a problem that when text data included in a file as a detection target of update is changed, it is always determined that an update is performed in the file, so that an unimportant update is also detected. For example, there is a problem that even when a small correction is made on a wrong word or a dropped letter in the text data, it is determined that an update is performed in the file.
- the present invention relates to an update detecting apparatus for detecting an update in a file including text data.
- an update detecting apparatus for detecting an update in a target file which is a file as a detection target of update includes: a difference extractor for extracting the difference between text data included in the target file and text data included in a copy file obtained by copying the target file; a divider for dividing the difference into words and generating a word group; and a determining unit for determining that an update is performed in the target file when a word satisfying a predetermined condition is included in the word group. Since it is determined that an update was performed in a target file only in the case where a predetermined change is added in the text data included in the target file, an important update can be properly detected.
- the predetermined condition is given in regular expression. Since the condition can be flexibly set, an important update can be detected more properly.
- the difference extractor extracts the difference between a predetermined range of the text data included in the target file and a predetermined range of text data included in the copy file. Since an update in the predetermined range of the text data is detected, an important update can be detected more properly.
- the divider divides, in place of the difference, the text data including the difference into words and generates a word group. Consequently, the number of cases where an important update is not detected can be decreased.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an update detecting apparatus capable of properly extracting an important update.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a general configuration of a client-server system 1 including an update detecting apparatus 21 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the update detecting apparatus 21 ;
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the update detecting apparatus 21 ;
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the update detecting apparatus 21 ;
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing text data included in a server-side file FL 1 , text data included in a cache file FL 2 , a first difference, and a second difference;
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an update in a database
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a display example in the case where an operator views the server-side file FL 1 after an update is notified;
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing text data included in a server-side file FL 1 , text data included in a cache file FL 2 , a first difference, a second difference, and a target of a morphological analysis;
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of structured data D 3 including elements having attributes related to medical care.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a general configuration of a client-server system 1 including an update detecting apparatus 21 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the client-server system 1 has a server 10 and a client 20 .
- the server 10 and the client 20 are computers each having at least a CPU and a memory, and are communicatably connected to each other. Communications between the server 10 and the client 20 may be realized by directly connecting the server 10 and the client 20 by an electric communication line or connecting them via a network.
- the server 10 is, for example, a WWW (World Wide Web) server or an FTP (File Transfer Protocol) server, and stores a file FL 1 which can be read from the client 20 (hereinafter, also referred to as “server-side file”).
- WWW World Wide Web
- FTP File Transfer Protocol
- the client 20 is, for example, a WWW client or an FTP client, transmits a request for reading the server-side file FL 1 to the server 10 , receives the server-side file FL 1 transmitted from the server 10 in response to the read request, and stores it as a cache file FL 2 .
- the cache file FL 2 is a copy file obtained by copying the server-side file FL 1 .
- the client 20 functions as the update detecting apparatus 21 for detecting an update in the server-side file FL 1 by executing an update detection program 22 installed.
- the update detecting apparatus 21 compares the server-side file FL 1 read from the server 10 with the cache file FL 2 stored in the client 20 to thereby detect an update in the server-side file FL 1 after the time point of generation of the cache file FL 2 .
- the server-side file FL 1 as a detection target of update of the update detecting apparatus 21 is a file including text data (character string data).
- the server-side file FL 1 is a text file described in the HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language).
- the cache file FL 2 as a copy file of the server-side file FL 1 is also a file including text data.
- the single server 10 and the single client 20 are shown in FIG. 1 as an example, the number of servers 10 and/or the number of clients 20 may be plural.
- the number of the server-side file FL 1 as a detection target of update is not limited to singular but can be plural.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the update detecting apparatus 21 .
- the update detecting apparatus 21 has a difference extracting unit 211 , a morphological analyzing unit 212 , and an update determining unit 213 .
- the difference extracting unit 211 , the morphological analyzing unit 212 , and the update determining unit 213 are functional blocks expressing functions realized when the client 20 as a computer executes the update detection program 22 .
- the update detecting apparatus 21 has a cache updating unit 214 , an update notifying unit 215 , a database updating unit 216 , and an emphasis display generating unit 217 .
- the cache updating unit 214 , the update notifying unit 215 , the database updating unit 216 , and the emphasis display generating unit 217 are functional blocks expressing functions realized when the client 20 executes the update detection program 22 , and perform predetermined processes utilizing the detection result of the update detecting apparatus 21 . It is not necessary to mount all of the cache updating unit 214 , update notifying unit 215 , database updating unit 216 , and emphasis display generating unit 217 on the update detecting apparatus 21 . Only a part of the units may be mounted on the update detecting apparatus 21 .
- the difference extracting unit 211 extracts the difference between the text data included in the server-side file FL 1 and the text data included in the cache file FL 2 .
- the difference includes (a) text data which is included in the server-side file FL 1 but is not included in the cache file FL 2 , and (b) text data which is included in the cache file FL 2 but is not included in the server-side file FL 1 .
- the former data (a) will be also referred to as a first difference and the latter data (b) will be also referred to as a second difference.
- the morphological analyzing unit 212 conducts a morphological analysis on the difference extracted by the difference extracting unit 211 , divides the difference into words (morphemes), and generates a word group.
- the morphological analyzing unit 212 can use the first difference and/or the second difference as a target (targets) of the morphological analysis.
- the update determining unit 213 determines whether or not each of the words included in the word group generated by the morphological analyzing unit 212 satisfies a predetermined condition. In the case where a word satisfying the predetermined condition is included in the word group, it is determined that the server-side file FL 1 is updated after the generation time point of the cache file FL 2 . In such a manner, the update detecting apparatus 21 does not determine that an update is performed when text data included in the server-side file FL 1 and text data included in the cache file FL 2 do not coincide with each other, that is, the difference is not null data. Only when a predetermined change is made on the text data included in the server-side file FL 1 , the update detecting apparatus 21 determines that the server-side file FL 1 is updated. Consequently, the update detecting apparatus 21 can properly detect an important update excluding an update such as the case where a small correction is made on a wrong word or a dropped letter on text data.
- the update detecting apparatus 21 can make an update to be detected an important update, that is, an update which is significant to the operator by properly setting the predetermined condition.
- the server-side file FL 1 is a file including text data related to a medical diagnosis such as a diagnosis report describing a result of diagnosis of a doctor or a film reading report describing a result of reading of a film of a medical image by a doctor, by preliminarily setting the “predetermined condition” so that an update related to a substantial change in the medical diagnosis can be detected, an update which is important for a medical professional as an operator can be detected.
- a condition that a word related to a region such as “brain”, “heart”, or the like is included, a condition that a word related to a symptom such as “thickening” or “shade” is included, a condition that a word related to a disease name (diagnosis) such as “brain edema” or “lymphadenoma” is included, and a condition that a word related to a test such as “contrast medium CT” or “simple CT” is included can be properly employed.
- predetermined condition for example, conditions such that “a word perfectly coincides with a specific word” and “a specific word is included” can be used.
- predetermined condition a condition that “a word matches a specific regular expression” can be also used.
- the “predetermined condition” can be flexibly set, so that an important update can be detected more properly.
- the “predetermined condition” does not have to be a fixed condition but can be set variably by an operator.
- the cache updating unit 214 transmits a request for reading the server-side file FL 1 to the server 10 , receives the server-side file FL 1 transmitted from the server 10 in response to the read request, and overwrites the cache file FL 2 .
- the overwritten cache file FL 2 is a copy file updated by newly copying the latest server-side file FL 1 . With this, since the cache file FL 2 is made coincide with the server-side file FL 1 each time it is determined that the server-side file FL 1 is updated, the state where the cache file FL 2 coincides with the server-side file FL 1 can be maintained. In the case where an update in the server-side file FL 1 is not an important update, the cache updating unit 214 does not update the cache file FL 2 . Thus, the overheads of the client 20 increased by an unimportant update can be suppressed.
- the update notifying unit 215 notifies the operator of the update in the server-side file FL 1 so that the operator can easily know that an update is performed in the server-side file FL 1 .
- a method of notifying of an update is not limited, for example, a method of transmitting an e-mail describing that an update is performed to an e-mail account of the operator and a method of displaying a message that an update is performed on a predetermined web page (personal page of the operator or the like) in the WWW can be employed.
- the update notifying unit 215 adds a character string describing that an update is performed, an image showing that an update is performed, and the like to the HTML source describing the Web page synchronously with determination made by the update determining unit 213 that an update is performed in the server-side file FL 1 .
- the database updating unit 216 updates a database in which the text data included in the server-side file FL 1 is reflected. With this, since the database is updated each time it is determined that an update is performed in the server-side file FL 1 , the state in which the text data included in the server-side file FL 1 is reflected in the database can be maintained. Like the cache updating unit 214 , the database updating unit 216 does not update the database in the case where an update in the server-side file FL 1 is not an important update. Thus, the overheads of the client 20 increased by an unimportant update can be suppressed.
- the database is, desirably, a database that accumulates structured data obtained by structuring the text data included in the server-side file FL 1 .
- the structured data is expressed in, desirably, an XML (extended Markup Language)/RDF (Resource Description Framework) syntax. Since the data structure of the structured data expressed in the XML/RDF syntax can be easily changed, an updating process can be easily performed in such a database.
- a concrete mode of the database is not limited to the mode shown herein, but may be another mode.
- the text data included in the server-side file FL 1 can be viewed.
- the text data included in the server-side file FL 1 is viewed in the case where the update determining unit 213 determines that an update is performed in the server-side file FL 1 , the text data corresponding to the difference is emphasized.
- the emphasizing process is performed in the emphasis display generating unit 217 .
- the emphasis display generating unit 217 performs a process of making a mode of displaying the text data corresponding to the difference a predetermined display mode so that the updated portion can be easily known synchronously with the determination of the update determining unit 213 that an update is performed in the server-side file FL 1 .
- the emphasis display is realized by sandwiching the text data portion corresponding to the difference by a pair of tags for emphasis in a temporary file which is prepared for viewing and obtained by copying the HTML file, which is prepared for viewing in the case where the server-side file FL 1 is an HTML file describing a Web page and the HTML file is viewed by a Web browser as a Web client.
- the emphasizing method is not particularly limited, for example, a method of underlining the portion of text data corresponding to the difference or changing the background color from the other portion can be considered.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 are flowcharts showing the operation of the update detecting apparatus 21 .
- the operation of the update detecting apparatus 21 will be described along the flowcharts of FIGS. 3 and 4 .
- concrete examples shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 will be properly referred to.
- Steps S 101 to S 104 to be executed first for detecting an update in the server-side file FL 1 are a step group related to extraction of a difference performed by the difference extracting unit 211 .
- the update detecting apparatus 21 reads the text data included in the latest server-side file FL 1 from the server 10 (step S 101 ) and reads the text data included in the cache file FL 2 corresponding to the server-side file FL 1 read from the server 10 (step S 102 ).
- the text data TX 1 included in the latest server-side file FL 1 is sentences of “bank robbery occurred in California”, “Saburo hit four consecutive hits”, “an earthquake having an MMI of III occurred in Arizona”, and “the service on the JR Kobe line is temporarily suspended because of an accident resulting in injury or death”
- the text data TX 2 included in the cache file FL 2 is sentences of “bank robbery occurred in California”, “Saburo hit four consecutive hits”, “100 “its me” frauds occurred last year”, and “the service on the JR Kobe line is temporarily suspended because of an accident resulting in injury or death”, as shown in FIG. 5 .
- the update detecting apparatus 21 extracts the difference (step S 103 ).
- the sentences “bank robbery occurred in California”, “Saburo hit four consecutive hits”, and “the service on the JR Kobe line is temporarily suspended because of an accident resulting in injury or death” are included in both of the text data TX 1 included in the server-side file FL 1 and the text data TX 2 included in the cache file FL 2 .
- the sentence “an earthquake having an MMI of III occurred in Arizona” is included only in the text data TX 1 .
- the sentence “100 “it's me” frauds occurred last year” is included only in the text data TX 2 .
- the sentence “an earthquake having an MMI of III occurred in Arizona” is the first difference
- the sentence “100 “it's me” frauds occurred last year” is the second difference.
- step S 104 the update detecting apparatus 21 determines whether or not a difference exists. If a difference exists, the program moves to step S 105 . If a difference does not exist, the update detecting apparatus 21 regards that no update is performed in the server-side file FL 1 and finishes the operation.
- step S 105 is a step of a morphological analysis on a difference, conducted by the morphological analyzing unit 212 .
- step S 105 the update detecting apparatus 21 divides the difference extracted in step S 103 into words, and generates a word group. For example, in the case of conducting the morphological analysis on the first difference “an earthquake having an MMI of III occurred in Arizona”, a word group of ten words of “an”, “earthquake”, “having”, “an”, “MMI” “of” “III”, “occurred”, “in” and “Arizona” is obtained.
- the following steps S 106 and S 107 are a step group related to determination of the presence/absence of an update in the server-side file FL 1 executed by the update determining unit 213 .
- step S 106 the update detecting apparatus 21 determines whether or not each of the words included in the word group obtained in step S 105 satisfies a predetermined condition. In the case where a word satisfying the predetermined condition is included in the word group, the program moves to step S 107 . In the case where a word satisfying the predetermined condition is not included in the word group, the update detecting apparatus 21 regards no update is performed in the server-side file FL 1 , and finishes the operation. In step S 107 , the update detecting apparatus 21 determines that an update is performed in the server-side file FL 1 .
- step S 105 when a condition that “words including any of “California”, “Oregon”, “Nevada”, “Utah”, and “Arizona” exists” described in step S 105 is employed as the “predetermined condition”, since the ten words (word group) of “an”, “earthquake”, “having”, “an”, “MMI” “of” “III”, “occurred”, “in” and “Arizona” includes “Arizona”, the update detecting apparatus 21 determines that an update is performed in the server-side file FL 1 .
- step S 108 is a step related to a process performed synchronously with an important update in the server-side file FL 1 in the cache updating unit 214 , update notifying unit 215 , database updating unit 216 , and emphasis generating unit 217 .
- step S 108 the update detecting apparatus 21 updates the cache file FL 2 , notifies the operator of the update, updates the database, generates emphasis display and, after that, finishes the operation.
- part of text data included in the server-side file FL 1 is updated from “an earthquake having an MMI of III occurred in Arizona” is updated to “an after quake having an MMI of II occurred in Arizona”.
- structured data D 1 stated in the RDF corresponding to the sentence “an earthquake having an MMI of III occurred in Arizona” is also updated to structured data D 2 corresponding to the sentence “an after quake having an MMI of II occurred in Arizona”.
- the server-side file FL 1 can be viewed in a state where the text data corresponding to the difference is underlined (display example PP 1 in FIG. 7 ) or in a state where the background color of the text data corresponding to the difference is changed (display example PP 2 in FIG. 7 ).
- the morphological analyzing unit 212 performs the morphological analysis on the difference.
- the morphological analysis may be performed on, in place of the difference, a text block including the difference, for example, a whole sentence including the difference or a range including the difference and sandwiched by predetermined tags.
- the update detecting apparatus 21 can determine that an update is performed in the server-side file FL 1 .
- the number of cases where an update which is substantially an important update although a portion to be changed in text data is small can be reduced.
- the difference between the whole text data included in the server-side file FL 1 and the whole text data included in the cache file FL 2 is extracted.
- the difference may be extracted in a predetermined range of the text data included in the server-side file FL 1 and the text data included in the cache file FL 2 , for example, a range sandwiched by predetermined tags or a limited range before or after a specific sentence (such as a title).
- a predetermined range of the text data included in the server-side file FL 1 and the text data included in the cache file FL 2 for example, a range sandwiched by predetermined tags or a limited range before or after a specific sentence (such as a title).
- the cache updating unit 214 updates the cache file FL 2 only in the case where the update determining unit 213 determines that an update is performed in the server-side file FL 1 .
- the cache updating unit 214 is not also disturbed to update the cache file FL 2 in the case where it is determined in step S 106 that no update is performed (“NO” in step S 106 ). Consequently, also in the case where a small update which is not so important to be detected as an important update is actually performed, the cache file FL 2 is made coincide with the server-side file FL 1 .
- the state where the cache file FL 2 perfectly coincides with the server-side file FL 1 can be maintained.
- the structured data D 1 obtained by structuring the sentence “an earthquake having an MMI of III occurred in Arizona” is shown as a concrete example of the structured data of the text data included in the server-side file FL 1 ( FIG. 6 ), the structured data is not limited to the structured data D 1 .
- the server-side file FL 1 is a file including text data related to a medical diagnosis
- structured data including elements having attributes related to a medical care can be obtained as shown in FIG. 9 .
- RDF has elements having attributes related to a medical care such as “the name of a patient (PATIENT_NAME)”, “the age of a patient (PATIENT_AGE)”, “the sex of a patient (PATIENT_SEX)”, “inspection (INSPECTION)”, “the name of a reading physician (READING_PHYSICIANS_NAME)”, “date of reading (READING_DATE)”, “reading time “READING_TIME”, “region (REGION)”, “symptom (SYMPTOM)”, and “disease name (DIAGNOSYS)”.
- a medical care such as “the name of a patient (PATIENT_NAME)”, “the age of a patient (PATIENT_AGE)”, “the sex of a patient (PATIENT_SEX)”, “inspection (INSPECTION)”, “the name of a reading physician (READING_PHYSICIANS_NAME)”, “date of reading (READING_DATE)”,
Abstract
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JP2005011259A JP2006201907A (en) | 2005-01-19 | 2005-01-19 | Update detecting device |
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JPJP2005-11259 | 2005-01-19 |
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US7689554B2 (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2010-03-30 | Yahoo! Inc. | System and method for identifying related queries for languages with multiple writing systems |
US8176017B2 (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2012-05-08 | Microsoft Corporation | Live volume access |
JP5566674B2 (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2014-08-06 | 株式会社東芝 | Interpretation report creation support system |
JP5945860B2 (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2016-07-05 | 国立大学法人名古屋大学 | Medical report creation support system and medical report creation support program |
Citations (5)
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US6004276A (en) * | 1997-03-03 | 1999-12-21 | Quinton Instrument Company | Open architecture cardiology information system |
US6182121B1 (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 2001-01-30 | Enfish, Inc. | Method and apparatus for a physical storage architecture having an improved information storage and retrieval system for a shared file environment |
JP2002197100A (en) | 2000-12-27 | 2002-07-12 | Nec Corp | Retrieval service system, its method, recording medium and information mediating method |
US6470306B1 (en) * | 1996-04-23 | 2002-10-22 | Logovista Corporation | Automated translation of annotated text based on the determination of locations for inserting annotation tokens and linked ending, end-of-sentence or language tokens |
US7280995B1 (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2007-10-09 | Oracle International Corporation | On-the-fly format conversion |
-
2005
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2006
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Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6182121B1 (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 2001-01-30 | Enfish, Inc. | Method and apparatus for a physical storage architecture having an improved information storage and retrieval system for a shared file environment |
US6470306B1 (en) * | 1996-04-23 | 2002-10-22 | Logovista Corporation | Automated translation of annotated text based on the determination of locations for inserting annotation tokens and linked ending, end-of-sentence or language tokens |
US6004276A (en) * | 1997-03-03 | 1999-12-21 | Quinton Instrument Company | Open architecture cardiology information system |
US7280995B1 (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2007-10-09 | Oracle International Corporation | On-the-fly format conversion |
JP2002197100A (en) | 2000-12-27 | 2002-07-12 | Nec Corp | Retrieval service system, its method, recording medium and information mediating method |
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