WO2011083658A1 - 静電誘導型発電装置 - Google Patents
静電誘導型発電装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011083658A1 WO2011083658A1 PCT/JP2010/072220 JP2010072220W WO2011083658A1 WO 2011083658 A1 WO2011083658 A1 WO 2011083658A1 JP 2010072220 W JP2010072220 W JP 2010072220W WO 2011083658 A1 WO2011083658 A1 WO 2011083658A1
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- electrode
- base
- electret
- electrostatic induction
- induction power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/06—Influence generators
- H02N1/08—Influence generators with conductive charge carrier, i.e. capacitor machines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/06—Influence generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrostatic induction power generator that can be used as a vibration power generator that generates power using environmental vibration.
- a pair of substrates configured to be relatively movable while maintaining a state of being opposed to each other is provided, and a plurality of electrets are arranged side by side on one of the pair of substrates, and a pair of electrodes is formed on the other.
- an electrostatic induction power generating device in which a plurality of sets of electrodes are arranged side by side. According to such an apparatus, due to the relative movement of the pair of substrates, the capacitance between one electrode and the electret of the pair of electrodes and the capacitance between the other electrode and the electret change, respectively. The change is output as electric power.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an electrostatic induction power generating device that can reduce processing costs.
- the present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
- the electrostatic induction power generation device of the present invention is A first base body and a second base body configured to be relatively reciprocally movable and having an annular gap formed therebetween, An electret provided on the first substrate; A first electrode and a second electrode provided on the second substrate; With As the relative positions of the first and second substrates change, the positional relationship between the electret and the first electrode and the positional relationship between the electret and the second electrode change, respectively.
- An electrostatic induction power generating device that outputs power by changing a capacitance between the first electrode and a capacitance between the electret and the second electrode
- the electret is linear (in the present invention, means a long and narrow shape, including a wire having a circular cross section and a belt having a rectangular cross section, and the shape of the cross section is not limited).
- the surface of the conducting wire is composed of a charged dielectric material coated, Both the first electrode and the second electrode are constituted by linear conducting wires.
- the electret is configured by covering the surface of a linear conductive wire with a charged dielectric substance, and the first electrode and the second electrode are both linear conductive wires. It is configured. Therefore, the first electrode, the second electrode, and the electret can be produced without using a semiconductor microfabrication technique.
- the electret is provided over the entire circumference along the circumferential direction with respect to the first base, and the first electrode and the second electrode are provided over the entire circumference along the circumferential direction with respect to the second base. It is good to have.
- electrostatic attraction is generated between the electret and the first electrode and between the electret and the second electrode.
- This electrostatic attraction can be a force that prevents relative reciprocation of the first base and the second base.
- the substrate is attracted by electrostatic attraction. The force works in the direction where they come closer to each other. Therefore, the electrostatic attractive force becomes a force that prevents the relative reciprocation of the pair of substrates.
- the first base body and the second base body are configured such that an annular gap formed between them is relatively reciprocally movable while maintaining a constant distance over the entire circumference. It is preferable that the distance is substantially the same.
- either one of the first base and the second base is formed of a cylindrical member, and the other is a columnar member or a cylindrical shape provided so that the central axes thereof coincide with each other in the cylinder of the cylindrical member. It is good to be comprised by a member.
- a guard configured by a linear conducting wire provided in a position facing the other An electrode may be provided.
- the output voltage can be stabilized by providing the guard electrode.
- an insulating film is provided on the surface of the conducting wire in the first electrode and the second electrode.
- the processing cost can be reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an overall configuration of an electrostatic induction power generating device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the main configuration of the electrostatic induction power generating device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main configuration of the electrostatic induction power generating device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the power generation principle of the electrostatic induction power generating device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an output voltage of the electrostatic induction power generating device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an electret manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a side view of the main configuration of the electrostatic induction power generating device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part of the electrostatic induction power generating device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part of an electrostatic induction power generating device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a method of attaching the first electrode and the second electrode according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a method of attaching the first electrode and the second electrode according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main configuration of an electrostatic induction power generating device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an overall configuration of an electrostatic induction power generating device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main configuration of an electrostatic induction power generating device according to a reference example of the present invention.
- Example 1 With reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, an electrostatic induction power generating device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows the overall configuration.
- FIG. 2 is a view of the main configuration (the first unit 110 and the second unit 120 excluding the casing 101) viewed from the side surface (the left side in the casing in FIG. 1).
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view cut along a plane passing through the axis) of the main configuration.
- the electrostatic induction power generating device 100 includes a casing 101 and a first unit 110 and a second unit 120 provided inside the casing 101.
- the first unit 110 includes a first base 111 constituted by a columnar member, and an electret 112 and a guard electrode 113 wound around the outer periphery of the first base 111 in a spiral manner.
- the electret 112 and the guard electrode 113 are wound around the outer periphery of the first base 111 so that the distance between them is constant.
- two spiral grooves are formed on the outer periphery of the first base 111.
- the electret 112 and the guard electrode 113 are easily positioned by being wound around the outer periphery of the first base 111 so as to fit into these two grooves, respectively.
- the guard electrode 113 is grounded (see FIG. 3).
- the first base 111 is supported on the housing 101 by a pair of springs 114 and 115. That is, one end of the spring 114 is fixed to the inner wall surface of the housing 101, and the other end of the spring 114 is fixed to one end of the first base 111. One end of the spring 115 is fixed to the other end of the first base 111, and the other end of the spring 115 is fixed to the inner wall surface of the housing 101.
- the first unit 110 reciprocates (vibrates) in the left-right direction in FIGS.
- the second unit 120 includes a second base 121 formed of a cylindrical member, and a first electrode 122 and a second electrode 123 provided spirally on the inner periphery of the second base 121, respectively.
- the 1st electrode 122 and the 2nd electrode 123 are provided in the inner periphery of the 2nd base 121 so that the space between them may become constant.
- Two spiral grooves are formed on the inner periphery of the second base 121.
- the first electrode 122 and the second electrode 123 are easily positioned by being provided on the inner periphery of the second base 121 so as to fit into these two grooves.
- a load 130 to which power obtained by power generation is supplied is electrically connected to the first electrode 122 and the second electrode 123.
- the second unit 120 is fixed with respect to the housing 101.
- the interval between the electret 112 and the guard electrode 113 and the interval between the first electrode 122 and the second electrode 123 are configured to be equal. Thereby, when the electret 112 is in a position facing one of the first electrode 122 and the second electrode 123, the guard electrode 113 is positioned facing the other.
- the first base 111 constituted by a columnar member is provided so as to reciprocate in a state where the central axes thereof coincide with each other in the cylinder of the second base 121 constituted by a cylindrical member.
- an annular gap S having the same distance is formed between the first base 111 and the second base 121 over the entire circumference even when they are relatively moving.
- a bearing such as a bearing may be provided between them.
- the electret 112 is configured by covering the surface of a linear conductive wire (for example, copper wire) 112a with a dielectric material in a charged state (see FIG. 6). More specifically, the electret 112 is formed by coating the surface of the conductive wire 112a with SiO2, fluorine resin, polyimide, or the like by dip coating, spray coating, sputtering, or electrodeposition (FIG. 6A). The film 112b is formed, and the film 112b is charged (FIG. 6B). In addition, it has confirmed by experiment that the electret 112 obtained by performing dip coating 5 times or more can implement
- a linear conductive wire for example, copper wire
- a dielectric material in a charged state see FIG. 6
- the electret 112 is formed by coating the surface of the conductive wire 112a with SiO2, fluorine resin, polyimide, or the like by dip coating, spray coating,
- the guard electrode 113 is composed of a linear conducting wire (for example, a copper wire).
- the first electrode 122 and the second electrode 123 are both composed of linear conducting wires (for example, copper wires).
- the 1st electrode 122 and the 2nd electrode 123 in a present Example are provided with insulating films, such as SiO2, a polyimide, or an enamel, on the surface of conducting wire.
- FIG. 4A shows a state where the entire surface of the electret 112 and the entire surface of the first electrode 122 face each other, and the electret 112 and the second electrode 123 do not face each other at all.
- FIG. 4B shows a state in which the electret 112 and the first electrode 122 are not opposed to each other, and a part of the electret 112 and a part of the second electrode 123 are opposed to each other.
- FIG. 4C shows a state where the entire surface of the electret 112 and the entire surface of the second electrode 123 face each other, and the electret 112 and the first electrode 122 do not face each other at all.
- the electrostatic capacitance between the electret 112 and the first electrode 122 is maximized. At this time, a capacitance between the electret 112 and the second electrode 123 may also exist. And in the state shown in FIG.4 (c), the electrostatic capacitance between the electret 112 and the 2nd electrode 123 becomes the maximum. At this time, a capacitance between the electret 112 and the first electrode 122 may also exist. In this manner, the capacitance between the electret 112 and the first electrode 122 and the capacitance between the electret 112 and the second electrode 123 are each caused by the movement of the first unit 110 (first base 111). Change.
- FIG. 4 (b) shows a state in the middle of shifting from the state shown in FIG. 4 (a) to the state shown in FIG. 4 (c).
- the electrostatic capacitance between the electret 112 and the first electrode 122 decreases, and the electrostatic capacitance between the electret 112 and the second electrode 123 increases. Accordingly, since the first electrode 122 and the second electrode 123 are electrically connected via the load 130, positive charges move from the first electrode 122 toward the second electrode 123. In this way, electric power is generated.
- the state shown in FIG. 4 (a) and the state shown in FIG. 4 (c) alternate with a constant period (the first unit 110 vibrates with a constant period (reciprocates)) with respect to the elapsed time t.
- a graph showing the fluctuation of the output voltage V is shown in FIG.
- t1 corresponds to the state shown in FIG. 4A
- t2 corresponds to the state shown in FIG. 4C.
- the center of the high voltage and the low voltage of the output voltage can be set to 0 (V). That is, for example, as shown in FIG. 4A, when the electret 112 and the first electrode 122 face each other and the grounded guard electrode 113 and the second electrode 123 face each other, Kirchhoff's law The potential of the two electrodes 123 is 0 (V). In the state shown in FIG. 4A, when the electret 112 and the first electrode 122 face each other and the grounded guard electrode 113 and the second electrode 123 face each other, Kirchhoff's law The potential of the two electrodes 123 is 0 (V). In the state shown in FIG.
- the first electrode 122 and the guard electrode 113 face each other, and the potential of the first electrode 122 becomes 0 (V). Therefore, an output voltage curve as shown in FIG. 5 can be obtained, and a stable output voltage can be obtained.
- the guard electrode may be configured not to be grounded. Even when the guard electrode is not grounded, since the capacitor is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the voltage (power generation amount) can be stabilized as compared with the case where the guard electrode is not provided. However, when the guard electrode is grounded, the center of the high voltage and the low voltage can be set to 0 (V) as described above, so that the voltage (power generation amount) can be further stabilized.
- the electret 112 is constituted by a surface of a linear conducting wire coated with a dielectric material in a charged state, and the guard electrode 113, the first electrode 122, and the second electrode 123 are , Both are constituted by linear conducting wires (for example, copper wires). Therefore, these can be produced without using a semiconductor microfabrication technique. Thereby, these can be created easily and the number of units that can be manufactured per unit time can be greatly increased. Note that it is possible to reduce the processing cost by 85% or more compared to the case of manufacturing these using a semiconductor microfabrication technique.
- “linear” in the present embodiment means a long and narrow shape, and includes a wire shape having a circular cross section and a belt shape having a rectangular cross section, and the shape of the cross section is not limited. The same applies to the following embodiments.
- a columnar member is used as the first base 111
- a cylindrical member is used as the second base 121
- an arrangement configuration in which these central axes coincide is adopted. Accordingly, the annular gap S formed between the first base 111 and the second base 121 has the same distance over the entire circumference. Therefore, it is possible to generate power stably. Further, the electrostatic attractive force generated between the electret 112 and the first electrode 122 and between the electret 112 and the second electrode 123 is the same over the entire circumference. Therefore, the influence of electrostatic attraction on the relative reciprocation between the first base 111 and the second base 121 can be effectively reduced (theoretically, with respect to the first base 111 and the second base 121).
- the response of the vibration of the first unit 110 to the vibration of the housing 101 is excellent. That is, even if the vibration of the housing 101 is small, the first unit 110 vibrates and can generate power.
- FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
- Example 1 the case where a columnar member was used as the first substrate and a cylindrical member was used as the second substrate was shown.
- a case is shown in which a prism member is used as the first base and a cylindrical member having a rectangular inner periphery and outer periphery is used as the second base. Since other basic configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description of the same components will be omitted.
- the first base body 211 is constituted by a prismatic member.
- the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the reciprocating direction of the first base 211 and the second base 221 is a square.
- the second base 221 is configured by a cylindrical member whose inner and outer cross sections are rectangular. In this cylindrical member, the cross-sectional shapes of the inner periphery and outer periphery in the direction perpendicular to the reciprocating direction of the first base 211 and the second base 221 are square.
- an annular gap S between the first base body 111 and the second base body 121 has an approximately equal distance over the entire circumference even when they are relatively moving. It is formed. More specifically, the interval is slightly larger in the vicinity of the corner portion, but the interval is equal in other portions.
- the other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment except that the shapes of the first base 211 and the second base 221 are different from those in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 8 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the case where the positioning method of the first electrode and the second electrode with respect to the second base is different from the case of the first embodiment is shown. Since other basic configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description of the same components will be omitted.
- Example 1 the case where positioning was performed by providing a groove in the base and fitting the electret or the like into this groove was shown.
- the electret 112 and the guard electrode 113 are attached to the outer peripheral side of the first base body 111 constituted by the columnar member shown in the first embodiment or the first base body 211 constituted by the prismatic member shown in the second embodiment. It's easy. That is, a groove can be easily formed on the outer periphery of the columnar member or the prismatic member, and the operation of winding the electret 112 or the like so as to fit in the groove is also easy.
- a cylindrical member in which two spiral grooves are formed on the outer peripheral side is used as the second base 321. And it winds around the outer periphery of the 2nd base
- the second base 321 is interposed between the electret 112 and the first electrode 122 and between the electret 112 and the second electrode. It is disadvantageous compared to Example 1.
- the spiral groove is provided on the outer peripheral side of the second base 321 formed of the cylindrical member, the groove can be easily formed, and the first electrode 122 and the first electrode The winding operation of the two electrodes 123 is also easy.
- FIG. 9 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the present embodiment as in the third embodiment, an example in which the first electrode and the second electrode are easily positioned with respect to the second substrate will be described. Since other basic configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description of the same components will be omitted.
- the first electrode 122 and the second electrode 123 are integrally provided on the second base 421 by insert molding. That is, in this embodiment, insert molding is performed with the first electrode 122 and the second electrode 123 being attached to predetermined positions in the mold as insert parts, so that the first electrode and the second base 421
- the second unit 420 in which the second electrode 123 is integrally provided is manufactured. Accordingly, the first electrode 122 and the second electrode 123 can be easily and accurately positioned with respect to the second base 421.
- the second base 421 is interposed between the electret 112 and the first electrode 122 and between the electret 112 and the second electrode, so that an appropriate capacitance is ensured. Then, it is disadvantageous compared with Example 1.
- Example 5 10 and 11 show the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- this embodiment as in the third and fourth embodiments, an example in which the first electrode and the second electrode are easily positioned with respect to the second substrate will be described. Since other basic configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description of the same components will be omitted.
- a configuration is adopted in which an insulating sheet 524 provided with the first electrode 122 and the second electrode 123 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the second base 521 formed of a cylindrical member. That is, first, as shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of first electrodes 122 and second electrodes 123 are used on an insulating sheet 524, and these are attached in a comb shape. Then, the insulating sheet 524 to which the first electrode 122 and the second electrode 123 are attached is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the second base 521. Thereby, the positioning of the first electrode 122 and the second electrode 123 with respect to the second base 521 can be easily performed.
- the first electrode 122 and the second electrode 123 are not spiral, and a plurality of circles are provided at regular intervals in the axial direction. Arranged to be. Therefore, in the first unit 110, the electret 112 and the guard electrode 113 provided on the first base 111 are not spiral but have a circular shape with respect to the axial direction so as to correspond to the first electrode 122 and the second electrode 123. Are arranged at regular intervals. Accordingly, since a plurality of guard electrodes 113 are provided, it is necessary to ground each of them. However, as described above, the guard electrode 113 may be configured not to be grounded.
- FIG. 12 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the first base is configured by a cylindrical or prismatic member
- the second base is configured by a cylindrical member
- the first base is disposed inside the cylinder of the second base.
- a configuration is shown in which the first base is constituted by a cylindrical member
- the second base is constituted by a columnar member
- the second base is disposed in the cylinder of the first base. Since other basic configurations and operations are the same, detailed description will be omitted as appropriate.
- the electrostatic induction power generating device 600 includes a housing 101, and a first unit 610 and a second unit 620 provided inside the housing 101.
- the first unit 610 includes a first base 611 formed of a cylindrical member, and an electret 112 and a guard electrode 113 provided spirally on the inner periphery of the first base 611, respectively.
- the first base 611 is supported on the housing 101 by a pair of springs 614 and 615. That is, one end of the spring 614 is fixed to the inner wall surface of the housing 101, and the other end of the spring 614 is fixed to one end of the first base 611. One end of the spring 615 is fixed to the other end of the first base 611, and the other end of the spring 615 is fixed to the inner wall surface of the housing 101.
- the second unit 620 includes a second base 621 formed of a columnar member, and a first electrode 122 and a second electrode 123 that are spirally wound around the outer periphery of the second base 621.
- the second unit 620 is fixed with respect to the housing 101.
- the first base 611 made of a cylindrical member reciprocates with the center axes thereof being coincident with each other on the outer peripheral side of the second base 621 made of a columnar member. It is provided as follows. Thereby, between the first base 611 and the second base 621, an annular gap S having the same distance is formed over the entire circumference even when they are relatively moving.
- first base 111 is formed of a columnar member
- a cylindrical member may be employed as the first base 111.
- a cylindrical member can also be employed in the second base 621 in the sixth embodiment.
- beams or the like are provided at both ends of the cylindrical member.
- the springs 114, 115, 614, and 615 may be fixed to the beam.
- a columnar member or a cylindrical member is not used as the first substrate or the second substrate, but one having an elliptical cross section (cross section perpendicular to the reciprocating direction of the first substrate and the second substrate) is employed. May be.
- a prism member having a square cross section is used as the first base and a cylindrical member having a square inner and outer cross section is used as the second base is shown. Polygons other than) can also be used.
- the shape of the annular gap S formed between the first base and the second base is important.
- the annular gap S be an equal distance over the entire circumference. Therefore, from this viewpoint, it can be said that the configurations shown in Example 1 and Example 6 are the most excellent.
- the power generation amount can be stabilized to some extent if the distance of the annular gap S is substantially equal over the entire circumference.
- the centroids coincide with each other in terms of the shape of the cross section of the outer peripheral surface of the base body provided on the inner side of the first base body and the second base body and the shape of the cross section of the inner peripheral surface of the base body provided on the outer side. If it has symmetry with respect to the heart, the influence of electrostatic attraction can be eliminated. Even if the symmetry is not perfect, the influence of electrostatic attraction can be reduced. For these reasons, the shapes of the first base and the second base are not particularly limited.
- the first base and the second base are relatively arranged by adopting a configuration in which the first base is configured to be movable with respect to the casing 101 and the second base is fixed to the casing.
- the case of reciprocal movement was shown. This is based on the viewpoint that it is desirable to fix the second base because wiring for extracting power is electrically connected to the second base.
- the first base and the second base may be relatively reciprocated by fixing the first base to the casing 101 and moving the second base relative to the casing 101.
- both the first base body and the second base body may be configured to be movable with respect to the housing 101 so that the first base body and the second base body relatively reciprocate.
- the electrostatic induction power generating device 700 includes a housing 701, and a first unit 710 and a second unit 720 provided inside the housing 701.
- the first unit 710 includes a flat first base (substrate) 711 and a plurality of electrets 112 and guard electrodes 113 provided on the first base 711.
- the first base 711 is supported on the housing 101 by a pair of springs 714 and 715.
- the second unit 720 includes a flat plate-like second base (substrate) 721 and a plurality of first electrodes 122 and second electrodes 123 provided on the second base 721.
- the electret 112, the guard electrode 113, the first electrode 122, and the second electrode 123 themselves have the same configuration as that shown in the above embodiments.
- the electrostatic induction power generating device 700 configured as described above is structurally similar to a general one, but the electret 112 and the like can be manufactured without using a semiconductor microfabrication technique, thereby reducing processing costs. can do.
Abstract
Description
相対的に往復移動可能に構成され、かつ両者の間に環状隙間が形成される第1基体及び第2基体と、
第1基体に設けられるエレクトレットと、
第2基体に設けられる第1電極及び第2電極と、
を備え、
第1基体と第2基体の相対的な位置の変化に伴って、前記エレクトレットと第1電極との位置関係、及び前記エレクトレットと第2電極との位置関係がそれぞれ変化することによって、前記エレクトレットと第1電極との間の静電容量、及び前記エレクトレットと第2電極との間の静電容量がそれぞれ変化することで電力が出力される静電誘導型発電装置であって、
前記エレクトレットは、線状(本発明においては、細長いものを意味しており、断面が円形の針金状のものや、断面が矩形の帯状のものなども含まれ、断面の形状は限定されない)の導線の表面に、帯電状態にある誘電体物質が被覆されたものにより構成されており、
第1電極及び第2電極は、いずれも線状の導線により構成されていることを特徴とする。
図1~図6を参照して、本発明の実施例1に係る静電誘導型発電装置について説明する。
特に、図1~図3を参照して、本発明の実施例1に係る静電誘導型発電装置100の全体構成について説明する。なお、図1は全体構成を概略的に示している。図2は主要構成(筐体101を除く、第1ユニット110及び第2ユニット120)を側面側(図1中、筐体内において、左側)から見た図である。図3は主要構成の模式的断面図(軸心を通る面で切断した断面図)である。
特に、図4及び図5を参照して、本発明の実施例1に係る静電誘導型発電装置の発電原理について説明する。なお、本実施例におけるエレクトレットは、マイナスの電荷を半永久的に保持するように構成されている。
本実施例においては、エレクトレット112は、線状の導線の表面に、帯電状態にある誘電体物質が被覆されたものにより構成されており、ガード電極113,第1電極122及び第2電極123は、いずれも線状の導線(例えば、銅線)により構成されている。従って、これらを、半導体微細加工技術を用いることなく作製できる。これにより、これらを簡単に作成でき、かつ単位時間当たりの製作可能な個数も大幅に増やすことができる。なお、半導体微細加工技術を用いて、これらを作製する場合に比べて、加工費用を85%以上削減することが可能となる。なお、本実施例における「線状」とは、細長いものを意味しており、断面が円形の針金状のものや、断面が矩形の帯状のものなども含まれ、断面の形状は限定されない。以下の、実施例においても同様である。
図7には、本発明の実施例2が示されている。実施例1においては、第1基体として円柱状部材を用い、第2基体として円筒状部材を用いる場合を示した。これに対して、本実施例では、第1基体として角柱部材を用い、第2基体として内周及び外周の断面が四角形の筒状部材を用いる場合を示す。その他の基本的な構成および作用については実施例1と同一なので、同一の構成部分については、その説明は省略する。
図8には、本発明の実施例3が示されている。本実施例においては、第1電極及び第2電極の第2基体に対する位置決めの仕方が、実施例1の場合とは異なる場合を示す。その他の基本的な構成および作用については実施例1と同一なので、同一の構成部分については、その説明は省略する。
図9には、本発明の実施例4が示されている。本実施例においても、実施例3と同様に、第1電極及び第2電極の第2基体に対する位置決めを容易にした例を説明する。その他の基本的な構成および作用については実施例1と同一なので、同一の構成部分については、その説明は省略する。
図10及び図11には、本発明の実施例5が示されている。本実施例においても、実施例3及び実施例4と同様に、第1電極及び第2電極の第2基体に対する位置決めを容易にした例を説明する。その他の基本的な構成および作用については実施例1と同一なので、同一の構成部分については、その説明は省略する。
図12には、本発明の実施例6が示されている。上記実施例では、第1基体を円柱状または角柱状の部材で構成し、第2基体を筒状の部材で構成し、第2基体の筒内部に第1基体を配置させる構成を示した。これに対して、本実施例では第1基体を円筒状部材で構成し、第2基体を円柱状部材で構成し、第2基体を第1基体の筒内に配置させる構成を示す。それ以外の基本的な構成及び作用は同一なので、詳細な説明は適宜省略する。
上記実施例1では、第1基体111が円柱状部材で構成された場合を示したが、この第1基体111として円筒状部材を採用することもできる。また、実施例6における第2基体621においても同様に、円筒状部材を採用することもできる。なお、実施例1における第1基体111として円筒状部材を採用する場合や実施例6における第2基体621として円筒状部材を採用する場合には、円筒状部材の両端部に梁などを設けて、この梁にバネ114,115,614,615を固定すればよい。
上記実施例においては、静電引力の影響を軽減またはなくすために、第1基体と第2基体との間に環状隙間が形成される場合を示した。しかし、半導体微細加工技術を用いずにエレクトレット等を製作することで加工費用の削減を図るという観点においては、一般的な静電誘導型発電装置のように、一対の板状の基板の一方にエレクトレットを設けて、他方に第1電極及び第2電極を設けた場合でも加工費用の削減は可能である。このような場合について、図13を参照して説明する。
101 筐体
110,610 第1ユニット
111,211,611 第1基体
112 エレクトレット
112a 導線
112b 被膜
113 ガード電極
114,115,614,615 バネ
120,320,420,620 第2ユニット
121,221,321,421,521,621 第2基体
122,522 第1電極
123,523 第2電極
130 負荷
524 絶縁シート
S 環状隙間
Claims (6)
- 相対的に往復移動可能に構成され、かつ両者の間に環状隙間が形成される第1基体及び第2基体と、
第1基体に設けられるエレクトレットと、
第2基体に設けられる第1電極及び第2電極と、
を備え、
第1基体と第2基体の相対的な位置の変化に伴って、前記エレクトレットと第1電極との位置関係、及び前記エレクトレットと第2電極との位置関係がそれぞれ変化することによって、前記エレクトレットと第1電極との間の静電容量、及び前記エレクトレットと第2電極との間の静電容量がそれぞれ変化することで電力が出力される静電誘導型発電装置であって、
前記エレクトレットは、線状の導線の表面に、帯電状態にある誘電体物質が被覆されたものにより構成されており、
第1電極及び第2電極は、いずれも線状の導線により構成されていることを特徴とする静電誘導型発電装置。 - 前記エレクトレットは第1基体に対して周方向に沿って全周に亘って設けられており、第1電極及び第2電極は第2基体に対して周方向に沿って全周に亘って設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の静電誘導型発電装置。
- 第1基体と第2基体は、両者間に形成される環状隙間が全周に亘って一定の距離を保ったまま相対的に往復移動可能に構成されており、かつ前記環状隙間は、全周に亘って、その距離が略同一であるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の静電誘導型発電装置。
- 第1基体と第2基体のうちのいずれか一方は円筒状部材で構成されており、他方は該円筒状部材の筒内において中心軸が一致するように設けられる円柱状部材又は円筒状部材により構成されることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の静電誘導型発電装置。
- 第1基体には、前記エレクトレットが第1電極と第2電極のうちのいずれか一方と対向する位置にある場合に、他方と対向する位置に設けられた、線状の導線により構成されたガード電極が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一つに記載の静電誘導型発電装置。
- 第1電極及び第2電極における導線の表面には、絶縁被膜が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一つに記載の静電誘導型発電装置。
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KR1020127012609A KR101437246B1 (ko) | 2010-01-08 | 2010-12-10 | 정전유도형 발전 장치 |
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RU2597255C1 (ru) * | 2015-03-11 | 2016-09-10 | Игорь Александрович Малыхин | Способ получения электроэнергии за счет свободнодисперсных систем как электроактивных сред |
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EP2523340B1 (en) | 2017-06-07 |
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