WO2006073301A1

WO2006073301A1 - Organic soil composition and soil improver

Info

Publication number: WO2006073301A1
Application number: PCT/MX2006/000002
Authority: WO
Inventors: Adan RAVELERO VÁSQUEZ
Original assignee: Productora De Insumos Orgánicos De Occidente, S. De R.L. De C.V.
Priority date: 2005-01-10
Filing date: 2006-01-10
Publication date: 2006-07-13
Also published as: MXJL05000001A

Abstract

The invention relates to substrates and compositions that are used in the production and cultivation of plants. More specifically, the invention relates to an organic soil composition and soil improver and to the method of obtaining same. The inventive composition represents a significant improvement in relation to the mixture disclosed in prior art in terms of performance, with the use of substitutes for the components thereof in order to prevent dependence on a single raw material, which could compromise the project, and by better incorporating the compositions disclosed in prior art into the land. The composition consists of a mixture of products, comprising black soil, ground pumice stone, vegetable fibre, an organic fertiliser and a moisture retainer, and is characterised in that the fibre comprises sugar cane that has been passed through mills and the moisture retainer is of marine vegetable origin. The composition also comprises ash, quicklime, gypsum and non-pathogenic micro-organisms that can be used in agriculture.

Description

ORGANIC SOIL COMPOSITION AND SOIL IMPROVER

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is related to the substrates and compositions used in the pioduction and cultivation of plants. More specifically, it refers to an organic composition of soil and soil improver and the process of obtaining it.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Already in the Mexican patent application JL / a / 2004/0001 of filing date January 9, 2004, it is disclosed and tries to protect an organic soil composition formed by a mixture of black soil, jal soil (ground pumice), Vegetable fiber, organic fertilizer and a moisture retainer. The vegetable fiber being coconut fiber or agave fiber.

The description carried out in the above-mentioned application for verification is added in full.

The organic fertilizer is pasteurized and ground guano to a particle size of flour. The polymer consisted of an organic polymer: corn starch treated with acrylonitrile, potassium hydroxide and sulfuric acid.

In this application the process of obtaining the product is also disclosed, mentioning that 20 to 60% volume / volume of black soil is mixed, 15 to 25% volume / volume of soil and 20 to 60% volume / volume of vegetable fiber; that the organic fertilizer is added to this mixture in an amount less than 11% with respect to the black soil-soil jal-vegetable fiber; and the polymer is added in an amount ranging from 5 to 10 grams per kilo of soils and fiber.

He mentions in said application that a series of agro-friendly bacteria is also added, without specifying which bacteria or agro-friendly bacteria.

Following the research related to the composition indicated above, additional components and substitutes were placed that gave the final mixture a better performance than the original mixture, although this already showed quite interesting performance.

Much of the disclosure of this description is aimed at giving greater detail of some of the components of the composition described in the Mexican application mentioned above.

With the investigation that gave birth to the present invention, it was possible they were able to elucidate some of the aspects that gave the mixture a performance as spectacular as that which gives the crops in which said composition is applied.

OBJECTIVES OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

The first objective of the present invention was to provide the mixture of the state of the art with a significant improvement in its performance.

Another objective was to determine substitutes for the components so as not to depend on a single raw material, a dependency that could compromise the project.

Still-another objective was to land better the conceptual compositions described in the state of the art.

Another objective was to give birth knowledge about the behavior of the mixture and of the components, for a compression of both the mixture and its action.

And all those qualities and objectives that will become apparent when making a general and detailed description of the present invention supported by the illustrated modalities. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The first observation of the present invention relates to the soil and soil improver component consisting of vegetable fiber. When testing with the coconut fiber and the agave fiber, it was found that they fulfilled two functions, on the one hand a lightening of the soil composition and on the other an element that in the long term allowed to be decomposed and provide certain organic elements to the soil on which they were applied.

It was even observed that the coconut fiber showed a better performance than the agave fiber. This initiated a series of tests trying to know the reason for this situation.

One of the ways to achieve the elucidation of this was to test with other fibers, and although no important conclusions were reached as to why, if it could be determined that the sugarcane fiber, more specifically, the sugarcane to which the sucrose has been extracted - to the maximum possible, it gave the mixture better qualities than the coconut and agave fiber. The tests carried out seem to indicate that the improvement is due to the nutrient content that this component has.

On the other hand, working on microorganisms friendly to agriculture, very interesting things could be found both in the specification of the thermal treatment of guano and in the type of microorganism that should constitute this component.

It was determined that for the obtaining of microorganisms friendly to agriculture, the thermal treatment for guano began, which in turn began with a kind of fermentation or decomposition of guano through the formation of a compost. The decomposed guano was dehydrated and pasteurized to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms (m. O.). Then, finely ground seaweed is incorporated into the result and incubated in drinking water.

Within the bacteria obtained by this process we have the bacteria of the genus Risobium, which are m. or. that the nodules do in the roots of the legumes and that achieve the incorporation of atmospheric nitrogen into the soil. These symbiotic bacteria with the roots of legumes could make this component interesting for the production of soils or soil enhancers, since they fix nitrogen.

At any given time, inoculation the inoculation with rhizobium of the pasteurized and dried guano can be included

The moisture retainer 1 of the composition of the present invention consists of an organic gel made from finely ground aquatic plant products. Plants such as algae that are cooked, cleaned and processed with hydrogen peroxide and dried- you give. This compound will absorb several hundred times the water in each polymer grain, and release the water to the plant that is in need.

Three new components are incorporated into the soil composition. One of these components are ashes from trees, specifically, ashes from mesquite trees. It was observed that by adding these ashes to the composition, they help retain the nitrogen process and help the plants absorb the nitrogen. Ashes from other trees showed that they can also be used and the same results are achieved, however the use of mesquite tree ashes has its advantages as a raw material.

The other two new components provide calcium ions and provide pH control. These two components are the quicklime stone and the plaster.

The quicklime stone lowers the pH and the plaster is used to raise the pH. ^'

The composition still has black soil and jal soil (ground pumice stone), fiber, organic fertilizer and a moisture retainer .. The black soil must be of land with a rest of about 7 years, free of agrochemical compounds such as insecticides, herbicides , inorganic fertilizers, etc. Jal soil is the result of grinding pumice stone at a particle size between 0.003 inches to 1/16 of an inch. Obtaining a very porous soil with a density of 43 pounds / foot ³ .

The fiber then in the present invention consists of sugarcane after having passed through the mill mill of the sugar mill.

The ideal proportions of the mixture of black soil, Jal soil and fiber, is 20 to 60% volume / volume of black soil, 15-25% volume / volume of Jal soil and 20 to 60% volume / volume of fiber.

Also the pasteurized guano, added as an organic fertilizer is such that the amount of nitrogen in the form of nitrates is less than 11%.

The organic gel is added in an amount of 3 to 10 grams per 5 kg of black soil-jal-fiber soil.

The organic soil composition has been carried out to help farmers' crops and to start the production of organic fruits and vegetables for the emerging market that is currently booming. The composition of the organic soil is a material to intensify the rapid germination, growth and quality of plants. It can be used in agriculture, exploited tion of forestry, in horticulture and floriculture, in greenhouses or open areas with an appropriate layer on the surface of the land to be cultivated,

The invention allows the reduction of the production process costs of the cultivation and the development of seeds without damaging the environment, elaborated as a 100% bio-degradable natural product, whose impact on the sown areas is beneficial because it causes and allows an acceleration in the process of development of the plant and produces a good and better harvest in less time.

The organic soil composition makes it possible to accelerate the germination, reducing the germination time from 75 to 90% of what normally the germination process is taken.

It also allows the stimulation of plant growth and creates the necessary conditions for the development and growth of plants, resulting in a time saving of 25 to 30% for the harvest, increasing the quality of the plants and their fruits.

Thus, it also allows a good and better harvest, increasing the yield of the crop over 125% of the normal yield.

The invention has been described sufficiently that a person with average knowledge in the field can reproduce and obtain the results mentioned in the present invention. However, any skilled person in the field of the technique of the present invention may be able to make modifications not described in the present application, however, if for the application of these modifications in a given composition or in the manufacturing process thereof, the matter claimed in the following claims is required, said compositions must be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims

CLAIMS Having described the invention sufficiently, it is considered as a novelty and therefore it is claimed as property expressed and contained in the following clauses claims.

1. Organic composition of soil and soil improver, characterized in that it consists of a mixture of products consisting of black soil, jal soil (ground pumice stone), sugar cane after passing through the mill train of a sugar mill, an organic fertilizer, a moisture retainer, ashes, quicklime, gypsum and non-pathogenic microorganisms useful in agriculture.

2. Organic composition of soil and soil improver, as claimed in the previous claim, characterized in that the moisture retainer consists of a gel made from products of aquatic plants, such as cooked algae, cleaned and processed with water oxygenated, and finely ground.

3. Organic composition of soil and soil improver, as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ashes are ashes of mesquite trees.

4. Organic composition of soil and soil improver, as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the non-pathogenic mo useful in agriculture against they occur in the resulting incubation in drinking water of pasteurized guano, with algae and in some cases inoculated with mo of the Rhizobium genus.

5. Organic composition of soil and soil improver, as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 characterized by having the following quantitative composition: The ideal proportions of the mixture of black soil, soil jal and fiber, is 20 at 60% volume / volume of black soil, 15 to 25% volume / volume of soil and 20 to 60% volume / volume of fiber; the pasteurized guano, added as an organic fertilizer is such that the amount of nitrogen in the form of nitrates is less than 11%; and the organic gel is added in an amount of 3 to 10 grams per 5 kg of black soil-jal-fiber soil, plus small amounts of microorganisms useful in agriculture, gypsum, lime and ashes.